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Christmas in Nazi Germany
In Nazi Germany, attempts were made to bring the celebration of Christmas in line with Nazi ideology. The Jewish origins of Jesus and the commemoration of his birth as the Jewish Messiah was troubling for Nazi racial beliefs. Between 1933 and 1945, government officials attempted to remove these aspects of Christmas from civil celebrations and concentrate on the pre-Christian aspects of the festival. Hymns and decorations were secularised. However church and private celebrations remained Christian in nature.
==Background==
Christianity had long been the main faith of the Germanic peoples, dating to the missionary work of Columbanus and St. Boniface in the 6th–8th centuries.〔(Encyclopædia Britannica Online - ''Germany : Religion'' ); web 23 May 2013〕 The Nazis ruled Germany from 1933-1945. Nazism wanted to transform the subjective consciousness of the German people—their attitudes, values and mentalities—into a single-minded, obedient "national community".〔Ian Kershaw; ''The Nazi Dictatorship: Problems and Perspectives of Interpretation; 4th Edn; Oxford University Press; New York; 2000"; pp. 173–74〕 According to Shirer, "under the leadership of Rosenberg, Bormann and Himmler—backed by Hitler—the Nazi regime intended to destroy Christianity in Germany, if it could, and substitute the old paganism of the early tribal Germanic gods and the new paganism of the Nazi extremists."〔William L. Shirer; The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich; Secker & Warburg; London; 1960; p. 240〕 After taking power in 1933, Nazi ideologues initially sought to reject Germany's long held Christmas traditions - renaming the festival ''Julfest'', and propagating its Germanic origins as the celebration of the winter solstice. But for the majority of Germans, the Christian traditions remained the basis of the holiday, and the churches were outraged by the removal of Christ from Christmas and maintained the Christian traditions within themselves.〔(Christmas: Not such a holy night under the Nazis ); DW Online; by Faith Thomas; 24/12/09〕
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